I've gotten a lot of questions about SharePoint limitations lately. SharePoint can scale to hundreds of millions of documents and items and host terabytes of data.
This article (Plan for software boundaries) provides recommendations for acceptable performance: http://technet2.microsoft.com/Office/en-us/library/6a13cd9f-4b44-40d6-85aa-c70a8e5c34fe1033.mspx?mfr=true.
I'll be discussing the myth of the 50GB limit on content databases in my next post.